<base>

The HTML <base> element sets a base URL for resolving all relative links and resources within a document, providing a reference point for those URLs.

`<base>` Tag

The <base> element specifies a base URL for relative URLs in a document. It is typically used within the <head> section to set a base path for all relative links, making it easier to manage and update links across a website.

Syntax

index.html

<base href="URL" target="window or frame">

`<base>` Demo

https://institute.qarpeo.com

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <base href="https://institute.qarpeo.com">
  <base target="_blank">
</head>
<body>
  <img src="img.jpg">
  <a href="https://institute.qarpeo.com" target="_blank">https://institute.qarpeo.com</a>
</body>
</html>

Attributes

Attribute	Value	Description
`href`	URL	Defines the base URL for all relative links on the page
`target`	`_blank` `_parent` `_self` `_top`	Specifies where hyperlinks and forms should open by default

`href`

Specifies the base URL for relative URLs in the document. Must be placed before any other elements with URL attributes. Accepts both absolute and relative URLs.

`target`

Defines where to display the result of hyperlinks or forms that lack an explicit target. It can be a browsing context name (e.g., tab, window, iframe) or a keyword:

_self: Loads in the same browsing context (default).
_blank: Opens in a new, unnamed context.
_parent: Loads in the parent context, or behaves like _self if none exists.
_top: Loads in the top-level context, or behaves like _self if none exists.

If multiple <base> elements are specified, only the first href and first target value are used; all others are ignored.

Purpose and Function

The <base> tag defines the base URL and/or target setting for all relative links within a webpage.

It must include either the href attribute, the target attribute, or both.
A document can only contain one <base> element.
This tag should be placed inside the <head> section of the HTML document.

Conclusion

The <base> tag sets a base URL for all relative links within a document, simplifying link management. It can also define a default target for hyperlinks and forms, controlling where they open. The <base> tag must be placed in the <head> section, and a document can only contain one <base> element.

The <applet> tag allowed the inclusion of Java applets in web documents, but it's no longer supported in HTML5 because of security concerns.

The HTML <script> element allows you to include executable JavaScript code in a webpage, enabling client-side scripting and dynamic features, or you can link to external JavaScript files.