srcset

srcset attribute

The srcset attribute in HTML is utilized with the <img> and <source> elements to offer multiple image options for varying display scenarios. This enables browsers to select the best image based on factors such as screen size, resolution, and pixel density, improving both responsiveness and performance.

Syntax

<source srcset="URL">

Example

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HTML

The HTML below demonstrates how to specify the default image resource in the src attribute for 1x displays, while the srcset attribute contains a 400-pixel version of the image with a 2x descriptor for higher-resolution (2x) displays.

CSS

The CSS provided ensures that the image and its surrounding container are set to 200 pixels by 200 pixels, with a simple border around it. Additionally, the word-break property is used with the break-all value to enable the browser to wrap the text at any point, regardless of the word boundaries, based on the available width.

JavaScript

The JavaScript code below is executed when the window's load event is triggered. It accesses the image's currentSrc property to retrieve and display the URL chosen by the browser from the srcset attribute.

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<div class="box">
  <img
    src="img.png"
    alt="Red Rose"
    srcset="img.png 2x" />
</div>

.box {
  width: 200px;
  border: 2px solid rgb(150 150 150);
  padding: 0.5em;
  word-break: break-all;
}

.box img {
  width: 200px;
}

window.addEventListener("load", () => {
  const box = document.querySelector(".box");
  const image = box.querySelector("img");

  const newElem = document.createElement("p");
  newElem.textContent = "Image: ";
  newElem.appendChild(document.createElement("code")).textContent =
    image.currentSrc;
  box.appendChild(newElem);
});

Key Points

• Image Selection: The browser determines the most appropriate image based on the characteristics of the device's display.
• Width Descriptor: Each entry in the srcset can include a width descriptor (e.g., 480w), specifying the image's width in pixels.
• Enhanced Performance: Offering multiple image sizes through the srcset attribute helps optimize loading times and enhances the user experience, particularly on mobile devices.

Conclusion

The srcset attribute enables browsers to choose the most suitable image based on device characteristics like resolution and screen size. This improves performance by loading appropriately sized images. It enhances user experience, particularly on mobile devices, by optimizing image delivery.